Impact of Postpartum Depression on Maternal and Child Health

Drishya Jain, a resident of Kishangarh in Rajasthan, had an enjoyable pregnancy experience in 2019. However, after giving birth to her child, she experienced significant changes in her behavior and noticed a shift in her family’s attitude towards her.

“Before pregnancy, everyone takes care of you because you have a life inside you. But after the delivery, all the attention is given to the baby and not the mother,” Jain shared with Business Insider India.

Mothers undergo profound physical, mental, and emotional changes during the postpartum period, making them vulnerable to mental health issues.

“The period after delivery was more difficult than the pregnancy because you’re not only taking care of your baby but also adjusting with your body that has gone through a massive change and this was very exhausting every day,” Jain added.

While mood swings and sleep disturbances are commonly referred to as postpartum blues and often subside within a few weeks, they can progress into postpartum depression, a more severe condition.

“Postpartum depression symptoms last longer and are more severe. It could present itself as a continuation of antenatal depression,” explained Dr. Shamantha K, a Counselling Psychologist at Fortis Hospital, Bangalore.

Impact of Lockdowns on Postpartum Depression

The incidence of postpartum depression among Indian mothers has increased, particularly after the first COVID-19 lockdown. Nearly half of women with newborns met the criteria for postnatal depression during this period, almost double the pre-pandemic rate, according to Dr. Shamantha.

Symptoms and Causes

Postpartum depression manifests through intense mood swings, social isolation, sleep disturbances, and thoughts of self-harm. Genetic factors, hormonal changes, and emotional stress contribute to its development, noted Dr. Rituparna Ghosh, a consultant psychologist at Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai.

Mothers aged 25-34 years are particularly susceptible to postpartum depression.

Impact on Child Health and Development

Children born to mothers with postpartum depression may experience behavioral issues, anxiety, and academic challenges. Additionally, they may face developmental and emotional disturbances, impacting their overall well-being.

Preventive Measures and Treatment

Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing postpartum depression. Seeking support from healthcare providers, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and engaging in self-care practices can help alleviate symptoms. Treatment options include therapy and medication, if necessary.

“It can be prevented by talking about it to your medical team, being active, getting ample rest, maintaining a healthy diet, seeking breastfeeding support, asking for help, taking time to connect to one’s body, learning about the signs and symptoms, and talking to other mothers to educate yourself,” advised Dr. Shamantha.

Conclusion

Postpartum depression poses significant challenges to maternal and child health. By raising awareness, providing support, and promoting mental well-being, healthcare professionals can empower mothers to navigate this critical period with resilience and positivity.